M'dera lamaluwa, m'nyengo yozizira, "mitundu ya letesi yobzala wowonjezera kutentha m'nyengo yozizira" imakhala mawu otchuka osaka. Ndiiko komwe, ndani sangafune kuti greenhouse yawo ikhale yobiriwira ndi kutulutsa letesi watsopano, wanthete m'nyengo yozizira? Lero, tiyeni tifufuze za kulima letesi wowonjezera kutentha m'nyengo yozizira ndikupeza kuti ndi mitundu iti yomwe imachita bwino kwambiri.
Cold - Hardy Champions: Letesi Osawopa Kuzizira
M'malo obiriwira obiriwira, kutentha kochepa ndi vuto lalikulu la kulima letesi. Letesi wa "Winter Delight", kudzera mukuswana kwa nthawi yayitali, ali ndi jini yabwino kwambiri yolimbana ndi kuzizira. Mu wowonjezera kutentha kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa China, kutentha kwa usiku - nthawi kunali pakati pa 2 - 6 ℃ kwa masiku khumi otsatizana. Ngakhale mitundu ya letesi wamba inasiya kukula, letesi wa "Winter Delight" adakhalabe ndi masamba obiriwira. Maselo ake a masamba amaunjikana zinthu zambiri zoletsa kuzizira ngati proline, zomwe zimachepetsa kuzizira kwa madzi a m'maselo, kulepheretsa maselo kuonongeka ndi kutentha kochepa. Pokolola, zokolola zake zinali zocheperapo ndi 12% poyerekeza ndi kutentha kwanthawi zonse, pomwe zokolola za mitundu ya letesi wamba zidatsika ndi 45% - 55%, kuwonetsa kusiyana koonekeratu.
Letesi ya "Cold Emerald" imakhalanso ndi kuzizira kodabwitsa. Masamba ake okhuthala amakutidwa ndi phula wopyapyala pamwamba. Waxy wosanjikizawu sikuti amachepetsa kutuluka kwa madzi, kusunga chomeracho "chonyowa", komanso chimagwira ntchito ngati kutchinjiriza, kutsekereza mpweya wozizira kuti usawukire mwachindunji masamba amkati. Mu wowonjezera kutentha ku Hebei, m'nyengo yozizira pamene kutentha kumasinthasintha pafupifupi 7 ℃, letesi ya "Cold Emerald" inakula masamba atsopano mofulumira, ndi chomera cholimba komanso cholimba. Kupulumuka kwake kunali 25% - 35% kuposa mitundu ya letesi wamba.
Nyenyezi za Hydroponic: Kuchita Bwino mu Mayankho a Zakudya
Masiku ano, hydroponics ikukula kwambiri pakulima letesi wowonjezera kutentha. Letesi ya "Hydroponic Jade" ili ndi mizu yotukuka kwambiri komanso luso lodabwitsa lotha kuzolowera malo am'madzi. Akayikidwa mu dongosolo la hydroponic, mizu yake imafalikira mwachangu, ndikupanga "mayamwidwe amphamvu" amphamvu omwe amatha kutenga michere yofunika monga nayitrogeni, phosphorous, ndi potaziyamu munjira yazakudya. Malingana ngati kutentha kumayendetsedwa pakati pa 18 - 22 ℃ ndipo yankho la michere ndi lofanana bwino, likhoza kukololedwa mkati mwa masiku 35. Ku Chengfei Greenhouse, m'nyengo yozizira, kudzera mwanzeru zowongolera zachilengedwe, letesi ya "Hydroponic Jade" imabzalidwa pamlingo waukulu. Malo amodzi obzala amafika pa 1500 masikweya mita, ndipo zokolola pa mbewu iliyonse zimasungidwa bwino pa 9 - 10 matani. Letesi wokololedwa ali ndi masamba akuluakulu, otsekemera, ndi otsekemera okhala ndi kukoma kokoma komwe kumatamandidwa kwambiri.
Letesi "Crystal Ice Leaf" ndi nyenyezi mu hydroponics. Masamba ake amakutidwa ndi kristalo - maselo owoneka bwino a vesicular, omwe samangowoneka okongola komanso amawonjezera mphamvu yake yosungira madzi. Mu chilengedwe hydroponic, izo mosavuta atengere kusintha kwa zakudya ndi madzi. M'nyumba yaying'ono - kalembedwe ka hydroponic wowonjezera kutentha ku Shanghai, mbewu 80 za letesi "Crystal Ice Leaf" zidabzalidwa. Mwiniwakeyo adalowa m'malo mwamankhwalawo pa nthawi yake mlungu uliwonse ndikugwiritsa ntchito cholumikizira mpweya kuti atsimikizire kuti mpweya wokwanira wasungunuka m'madzi. Letesiyo anakula mwamphamvu. Pakukolola, pafupifupi kulemera kwa mbewu iliyonse kumafika pafupifupi magalamu 320, ndi masamba okhuthala okhala ndi mchere ndi mavitamini osiyanasiyana.
Matenda - Ngwazi Zosamva: Kuteteza Mosavuta Kumatenda
Greenhousesali otsekedwa ndi chinyezi chambiri, chomwe ndi "paradiso" wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Komabe, letesi ya "Disease - Resistant Star" ilibe mantha. Lili ndi ma metabolites angapo achiwiri muzomera zake, monga phytoalexins ndi mankhwala a phenolic. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tikalowa, nthawi yomweyo timayendetsa chitetezo chake. M'malo owonjezera kutentha m'mphepete mwa nyanja ku Zhejiang, komwe chinyezi chakhala chokwera chaka chonse, kuchuluka kwa downy mildew mumitundu ya letesi wamba kunali kokwera mpaka 55% - 65%. Pambuyo kubzala letesi "Matenda - Resistant Star", zochitikazo zidatsika mpaka 8% - 12%. Poyang'anizana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a downy mildew, ma phytoalexins mu letesi ya "Disease - Resistant Star" amatha kulepheretsa kumera kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi kukula kwa hyphae, kulepheretsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuti tisawononge ndi kufalikira mu zomera. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo kumachepetsedwa kwambiri, ndipo letesi wopangidwa amakhala wobiriwira komanso wathanzi.
Nthawi yotumiza: May-23-2025
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