Nkhani - Ndi mitundu iti yodziwika bwino kwambiri ndipo chifukwa chiyani zimakhala ndi vuto?

Greenhouses ndi mwala wapamwamba wa ulimi wamakono, zomwe zimatipangitsa kuti tisangalale ndi masamba ndi zipatso zatsopano chaka chonse. Koma kodi chimapita ndi chiyani popanga wowonjezera kutentha? Kodi chimapangitsa zinthu zina kukhala zotchuka kwambiri kuposa ena? M'nkhaniyi, tikambirana zinthu zogwiritsira ntchito zowonjezera zaulimi.

Chifukwa chiyani malo obiriwira ofunikira kwambiri?

Pakatikati, wowonjezera kutentha ndi malo olamulidwa omwe amalola kuti mbewu kuti zizichita bwino mosasamala nyengo zakunja. Kaya ndi nyengo yozizira ya Scandinavia kapena kutentha kwambiri kwa chipululu, malo obiriwira amapanga mikhalidwe yabwino pakukula kwa mbewu pokonza kutentha, chinyezi, ndi kuwala. Izi zimathandiza kuti kulima kwa chaka chimodzi, kupereka chakudya chodalirika pakakhala nyengo.

Mwachitsanzo, tengani natcherlands, mwachitsanzo. Wodziwika chifukwa cha njira zake zapamwamba za wowonjezera kutentha, dzikolo lakhazikitsa miyezo yapadziko lonse yokulitsa mbewu yokolola pomwe mukuchepetsa kumwa madzi ndi mphamvu. Njira yawo ikusonyeza momwe nyumba zobiriwira zothandizira zimakhalira ulimi wamakono, wokhazikika.

Kodi mapangidwe opanga obiriwira omwe amafala kwambiri ndi ati?

Pomwe mawonekedwe aliwonse obiriwira ali ndi ubwino wake wapadera, mapangidwe ena omwe amakhala mumiviro amapezeka padziko lonse lapansi. Tiyeni tiwone ena odziwika kwambiri:

1. Zowonjezera zobiriwira: chisankho chapamwamba

Obzala obiriwira amakhala ndi mawonekedwe opindika, theka-dome, kuwapangitsa kukhala ogwira mtima kwambiri pa chipale chofewa ndi mphepo. Maonekedwe awa amathandizanso kukakamiza kupanikizika, kupewa kuwonongeka kuchokera kumphepo yamkuntho kapena yamkuntho. Mawonekedwe ake amalimbikitsanso kufalikira kwa mpweya, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha nkhungu ndi mildew.
M'masamba ozizira ngati Finland, mtundu uwu wowonjezera kutentha umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, kupereka khola kuti mbewu zikhale zowononga. Malo obisalamo a Chengfei amatengeranso kapangidwe kameneka, zopangidwa kuti zisathane ndi nyengo yovuta kwambiri ndi chimango chake cholimba chomwe chimaposa chipale chofewa ndi mphepo.

Wowonjezera kutentha ali ndi mbali zotsekemera zomwe zimakumana pa nsonga yakuthwa pamwamba. Kapangidwe kameneka kamathandiza chipale chofewa ndi mvula, kupewa kudzikundikira komwe kumatha kuwononga mawonekedwewo. Maonekedwe atatu amawonjezeranso malo oyenera, kusintha mpweya wabwino ndikuwunikira.
Zoyenera kuchita maopareshoni akuluakulu apamwamba, obiriwira obiriwira amakhala otchuka pakubala zipatso kwambiri monga masamba ndi zipatso. Mapangidwe samangokulitsa malo komanso kukulitsa nyengo yoipa yolimbana ndi nyengo yoyipa, ndikupangitsa kuti akhale ndi alimi ambiri.

3. Kutsatsa ndi greenhouses: zosavuta komanso zothandiza

Wotsatsa-wowonjezera kutentha amakhala padenga limodzi lomwe limatsamira khoma. Ndi njira yofunika kwambiri, yabwino kwambiri yolima kapena kulima. Denga limakumana ndi dzuwa loti liwolo, lomwe limalola kuti likhale bwino mwachilengedwe.
Kapangidwe kameneka ndikwabwino kwa okhala m'mizinda yokhala ndi malo ochepa, monga omwe amagwiritsa ntchito nyumba zapamwamba. Kuphweka kwa chowongoletsa kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yankho lotsika mtengo komanso lothandiza laulimi wamatauni.

4. Malo obiriwira obiriwira ambiri: chimphona cha malonda

Malo obiriwira ambiri amakhala ndi mayunitsi angapo obiriwira, ndikupanga dera lalikulu kwambiri. Izi zimapangidwa kuti zigawane makhoma wamba, kuchepetsa ndalama zomanga. Maziko amathandiziranso pakugwiritsa ntchito bwino mphamvu, chifukwa malo obisala angapo amatha kugawana ndi kutentha komanso makina ozizira, omwe amapanga iwo kukhala abwino paulimi waukulu kwambiri.
Kapangidwe kameneka kamathandiza makamaka pa masamba masamba, monga tomato ndi nkhaka, komwe malo okhazikika ndi oyenera kuti akhale okwanira.

Kodi mtsogolo mwa mawonekedwe obiriwira amatanthauza chiyani?

Malo obiriwira amatuluka, ndipo tsogolo limawoneka bwino, lobiriwira, lobiriwira. Matekinolo atsopano akupanga nyumba zobiriwira osati zopindulitsa komanso zokhazikika.

Makina obiriwira anzeru amagwiritsa ntchito masensa ndi makina ogwiritsa ntchito kuwunika ndikusintha zachilengedwe munthawi yeniyeni. Kuchokera kutentha ndi chinyezi ku malo owala, makina awa amawonetsetsa kuti mitengo yophuka. Pamalo Othandizira, malo obiriwirawa amachepetsa kufunika kwa ntchito yamanja, kuwonjezera zokolola, ndikuchepetsa zowonjezera.

Pamene dziko likuyenda ku malo olima olima olima olima, malo obiriwira anzeru akupaka njira yatsopano yaulimi.

Malo obiriwira a lero akuyika kwambiri pa kukhazikika. Ambiri akuphatikiza mphamvu zokonzanso zamagetsi monga ma enrine ndi magetsi otenthetsa kuti muchepetse kudalirika pamiyambo yachikhalidwe. Pogwiritsa ntchito magwero osinthika awa, greenhouse sikuti amachepetsa mawonekedwe awo a kaboni koma amapeza mphamvu zokwanira.

Kukhazikika sikulinso njira chabe - ndikuyenera kukhala chofunikira pakulima padziko lonse lapansi. Ndi mapangidwe okhazikika, malo obiriwira akutsogolera njira yochepetsera chilengedwe cha chakudya.

3. Kulima Voring: Kulima m'matawuni

Monga momwe ma ukon amapitilirabe kukwera, malo olima achikhalidwe amakhala ochepa. Kulima kokhazikika ndi yankho kuvutoli, kulola mbewu kuti zibzalidwe m'magawo olumikizidwa. Malo obisala obiriwira awa amagwiritsa ntchito malo ochepa, nthawi zambiri kumatauni, ndipo amagwira bwino ntchito mogwirizana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ndi malo.

Kulima kokhazikika kukuthandiza kubweretsa zaulimi kubwerera kumizinda, kulola zatsopano, komwe anthu amakhala. Kuchita bwino kumeneku kumatha kusinthitsa za kupanga chakudya mtsogolo.

Zovuta ndi mayankho mu kumera wowonjezera kutentha

Ngakhale greenhouses imapereka zabwino zambiri, zimakumananso ndi mavuto, makamaka zikatha kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi mphamvu zachilengedwe. Mwamwayi, kupita kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuthana ndi mavutowa. Malo obiriwira ambiri tsopano akugwirizana ndi mphamvu zokonzanso mphamvu ndi njira zowongolera zoletsa kudula mtengo ndikuchepetsa mawonekedwe ake.

Pogwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje awa, malo obiriwira amakono akuyamba kugwira bwino ntchito, mokhazikika, komanso oyenerera kupeza zofuna za ulimi wapadziko lonse.