Nkhani - Ndi Zotani Zoyipa za Greenhouses? Mavuto Amene Muyenera Kudziwa

Ma greenhouses amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri paulimi wamakono. Amapereka mbewu ndi malo otetezedwa, ofunda, omwe amawalola kuti akule mosasamala kanthu za nyengo. Komabe, greenhouses si abwino. Monga katswiri waulimi, ndikofunika kumvetsetsa zofooka zawo. Tiyeni tiwone mavuto okhudzana ndi ulimi wowonjezera kutentha.

1. Mtengo Wokwera Woyamba

Kumanga kwa greenhouse kumafuna ndalama zambiri zachuma. Kaya ndi mafelemu achitsulo, zovundikira magalasi kapena pulasitiki, kapena makina owongolera okha, zonsezi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mtengo wokwera wa kukhazikitsa wowonjezera kutentha. Kwa mafamu ang'onoang'ono kapena oyambitsa mabizinesi aulimi, izi zitha kukhala zolemetsa zachuma. Kuonjezera apo, ndalama zosamalira zikupitirirabe, makamaka magalasi obiriwira, omwe amatha kuwonongeka chifukwa cha mphepo ndi mvula, komanso nyumba zosungiramo pulasitiki zokhala ndi pulasitiki, zomwe zimafuna kusinthidwa nthawi zonse ndi filimuyo. Ndalama zowonjezera izi zimapangitsa kuti greenhouses ikhale yokwera mtengo m'kupita kwanthawi.

2. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu Kwambiri

Ma greenhouses amafunikira mphamvu zambiri kuti asunge malo okhazikika amkati, makamaka m'malo ozizira. M'nyengo yozizira, makina otenthetsera amafunika kuyenda nthawi zonse kuti mbewu zitetezedwe ku kuzizira. M'madera ozizira kwambiri, mphamvu zamagetsi zimatha kupanga 30% mpaka 40% ya ndalama zonse zopangira. Kudalira kwambiri mphamvu kumeneku sikungowonjezera ndalama zogwiritsira ntchito komanso kumapangitsa kuti nyumba zobiriwira zikhale zosavuta kusinthasintha kwamitengo yamagetsi, zomwe zingakhudze kukhazikika kwa ulimi.

3. Kudalira Technology ndi Management Complexity

Nyumba zamakono zobiriwira zobiriwira zimadalira kwambiri makina oyendetsera kutentha, chinyezi, ulimi wothirira, ndi kuwala. Chotsatira chake, kuyang'anira wowonjezera kutentha kumafuna chidziwitso chapamwamba cha luso. Ngati machitidwe sakuyendetsedwa bwino, kusagwirizana kwa chilengedwe kungachitike, zomwe zingasokoneze kukula kwa mbewu. Oyang'anira nyumba zobiriwira ayenera kudziwa zambiri zaulimi ndi ukadaulo kuti awonetsetse kuti ntchito zikuyenda bwino, ndikupangitsa kuti kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake kakhale kovutirapo komanso kofunikira kuphunzira kosalekeza.

4. Zotsatira za Kusintha kwa Nyengo

Ngakhale greenhouses amatha kuwongolera chilengedwe chamkati, amakhalabe pachiwopsezo cha nyengo yakunja. Zochitika zanyengo, monga mvula yamkuntho, chipale chofewa, kapena mafunde otentha, zimatha kubweretsa kupsinjika kwakukulu panyumba zobiriwira. Mwachitsanzo, mphepo yamphamvu ndi chipale chofewa zimatha kuwononga nyumbayo, pomwe kutentha kwambiri kumatha kudzaza makina oziziritsa mpweya, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kutentha kwambiri komwe kumawononga mbewu. Ngakhale kuti nyumba zosungiramo zomera zakonzedwa kuti zisamavutike ndi mphepo komanso kuti zizitha kutenthedwa bwino, sizingatetezere mbewu kuti zisadziwike chifukwa cha kusintha kwa nyengo.

5. Mavuto a chonde cha nthaka

Kulima wowonjezera kutentha, makamaka polima mbewu m'nthaka, kungayambitse kuchepa kwa michere pakapita nthawi. Kubzala kolimba kwambiri kumadya michere ya dothi monga nayitrogeni, phosphorous, ndi potaziyamu mwachangu, zomwe zimachepetsa chonde m'nthaka. Ngati kasamalidwe ka nthaka sikasamalidwe bwino, zokolola za mbewu ndi ubwino wake zitha kuwonongeka. Ngakhale njira zokulirapo za hydroponic ndi dothi lopanda dothi zimathandizira kuchepetsa vutoli, amabwera ndi zovuta zawo, monga kufunikira kwa zida zapadera ndi malo.

6. Nkhani Zosamalira Tizirombo ndi Matenda

Ngakhale malo otetezedwa a wowonjezera kutentha amachepetsa kulowa kwa tizilombo kuchokera kunja, tizilombo kapena matenda akangolowa, amatha kufalikira mofulumira. Malo obiriwira alibe zilombo zachilengedwe, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kuwongolera tizilombo kumakhala kovuta. Ngati tizirombo kapena matenda sathana nazo mwachangu, zitha kuwononga mbewu mwachangu, zomwe zingawononge kwambiri. Oyang'anira wowonjezera kutentha ayenera nthawi zonse kuyang'anira tizirombo ndi matenda, zomwe zimafuna nthawi yambiri ndi khama

7. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Malo Ochepa

Malo mkati mwa wowonjezera kutentha, ngakhale akupereka malo abwino kwambiri okulirapo, amatha kukhala ochepa. Kwa mbewu zomwe zimafuna malo ochulukirapo, monga mavwende kapena maungu, malo omwe alipo sangakhale okwanira. M'ma greenhouses akuluakulu, kukhathamiritsa malo kumakhala nkhani yofunika kwambiri. Momwe malowa amagwiritsidwira ntchito moyenera zimakhudza zokolola. Njira monga kulima mowongoka kapena kubzala mosiyanasiyana kumatha kukulitsa kugwiritsa ntchito malo, koma machitidwewa amafunikiranso kukonzekera bwino komanso zida zoyenera kuti zikhale zogwira mtima.