Ulimi wa phwetekere mu greenhouses wakhala gawo lalikulu la ulimi wamakono. Ndi malo omwe amakulirakulira, amalola alimi kukulitsa zokolola. Pamene teknoloji ikupita patsogolo, alimi ambiri tsopano akufuna kukulitsa zokolola zawo za tomato. M'nkhaniyi, tiwona zomwe zimakhudza zokolola za phwetekere, kuyerekeza zokolola pansi pa matekinoloje osiyanasiyana owonjezera kutentha, kukambirana njira zowonjezerera zokolola, ndikuwunika zokolola zapadziko lonse lapansi.
Zomwe Zimakhudza Kukolola Kwa Tomato M'ma Polyhouses
1. Kusamalira zachilengedwe
Kutentha, chinyezi, ndi kuwala ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe zimakhudza kukula kwa tomato. Kutentha koyenera kwa zomera za phwetekere nthawi zambiri kumakhala pakati pa 22°C ndi 28°C (72°F mpaka 82°F). Kusunga kutentha kwausiku pamwamba pa 15°C (59°F) kumalimbikitsa photosynthesis ndi kukula bwino.
Pamalo olima tomato, alimi akhazikitsa njira zowunikira zachilengedwe zomwe zimawalola kusintha kutentha ndi chinyezi munthawi yeniyeni. Pokhala ndi mikhalidwe yabwino panthawi yonseyi yakukula, apeza zokolola zofika pa mapaundi 40,000 pa ekala.
2. Kusamalira Madzi ndi Zakudya Zakudya
Kusamalira bwino madzi ndi michere ndikofunikira kuti muthe kukolola bwino. Madzi ochulukirapo komanso osakwanira kapena michere yambiri imatha kupangitsa kuti munthu akhale wosaukaKodi Mungapeleke Zochuluka Bwanji kuchokera ku Tomato wa Greenhouse pa Ekala imodzi?
kukula ndi kuopsa kwa matenda. Kugwiritsa ntchito njira yothirira madzi kumathandizira kuwongolera bwino madzi, pomwe njira zophatikizira zopatsa thanzi zimatsimikizira kuti mbewuzo zimadya chakudya chokwanira.
Mu wowonjezera kutentha kwanzeru ku Israel, masensa amawunika chinyezi cha nthaka ndi kuchuluka kwa michere munthawi yeniyeni. Dongosololi limangosintha nthawi yothirira ndi feteleza kuti ikwaniritse zosowa zosiyanasiyana za tomato pakukula kosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zokolola ziwonjezeke ndi 30%.
3. Kuletsa Tizilombo ndi Matenda
Mavuto a tizirombo ndi matenda amatha kukhudza kwambiri zokolola za phwetekere. Kukhazikitsa njira zoyendetsera bwino, monga kuwongolera kwachilengedwe ndi thupi, kumachepetsa kufunika kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Poyambitsa tizilombo tothandiza komanso kugwiritsa ntchito misampha, alimi amatha kuthana ndi tizirombo komanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa matenda.
M'malo obiriwira obiriwira a ku Dutch, kutulutsidwa kwa tizilombo tolusa kwawongolera bwino kuchuluka kwa nsabwe za m'masamba, pomwe misampha yachikasu yomata yathandizira kupeza mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti tomato omwe amapangidwa ndi otetezeka komanso opikisana pamsika.
4. Kachulukidwe Chomera
Kusunga kachulukidwe koyenera kubzala ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse mpikisano pakati pa mbewu. Kutalikirana koyenera kumatsimikizira kuti chomera chilichonse cha phwetekere chimalandira kuwala kokwanira ndi michere. Kachulukidwe kameneka kamabzalidwe kamakhala pakati pa 2,500 mpaka 3,000 pa ekala imodzi. Kuchulukana kungayambitse mthunzi ndikulepheretsa photosynthesis.
Mumgwirizano wapadera wa phwetekere, kukhazikitsidwa kwa kachulukidwe koyenera ka kubzala ndi njira zophatikizira mbewu zosiyanasiyana kumapangitsa kuti mbewu iliyonse ilandire kuwala kokwanira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zokolola zambiri za mapaundi 50,000 pa ekala.
Kufananiza Zokolola za Tomato Pansi pa Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana ya Polyhouse Technologies
1. Nyumba Zobiriwira Zachikhalidwe
Malo obiriwira obiriwira opangidwa ndi galasi kapena pulasitiki nthawi zambiri amatulutsa pakati pa mapaundi 20,000 ndi 30,000 a tomato pa ekala imodzi. Zokolola zawo zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi nyengo komanso chilengedwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusinthasintha kwakukulu.
M'malo obiriwira obiriwira kumwera kwa China, alimi amatha kukhazikika zokolola zawo pafupifupi mapaundi 25,000 pa ekala chaka chilichonse. Komabe, chifukwa cha kusintha kwa nyengo, kupanga kungasinthe kwambiri.
2. Smart Greenhouses
Ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa makina odzichitira okha ndi owongolera, nyumba zobiriwira zanzeru zimatha kupeza zokolola pakati pa 40,000 ndi 60,000 mapaundi pa ekala. Machitidwe ophatikizika oyendetsera bwino amawongolera kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu.
M'malo otenthetsera kutentha kwapamwamba ku Middle East, kugwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono zothirira ndi kuwongolera zachilengedwe kwathandiza kuti zokolola zifike mapaundi a 55,000 pa ekala, kupititsa patsogolo kwambiri zokolola ndi phindu lazachuma.
3. Vertical Greenhouses
M'malo opanda malo, njira zaulimi zoyima zimatha kubweretsa zokolola zopitilira ma 70,000 mapaundi pa ekala. Kapangidwe ka sayansi ndi kubzala kosiyanasiyana kumakulitsa kugwiritsa ntchito bwino nthaka.
Famu yoyima yomwe ili mkatikati mwa tawuni yapeza zokolola zapachaka zokwana mapaundi 90,000 pa ekala imodzi, zomwe zikugwirizana ndi zomwe msika wam'deralo umafuna za tomato watsopano.
Momwe Mungakulitsire Zokolola za Tomato M'ma Polyhouses
1. Konzani Kulamulira Kwachilengedwe
Kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wanzeru wowonjezera kutentha kumathandizira kuyang'anira nthawi yeniyeni ndikusintha kutentha ndi chinyezi, ndikupanga malo abwino kwambiri okulirapo.
2. Kuthirira Mthirira Ndi Kuthirira Mosalondola
Kugwiritsa ntchito njira zothirira kudontha ndi michere yogwirizana ndi zosowa zenizeni za mbewu zitha kupititsa patsogolo luso lazinthu.
3. Sankhani Mitundu Yapamwamba
Kulima mitundu yokolola kwambiri, yolimbana ndi matenda yomwe imagwirizana ndi nyengo yaderalo ndi zofuna za msika kungapangitse zokolola zambiri.
4. Tsatirani Kasamalidwe Kophatikiza Tizirombo
Kuphatikiza njira zowononga zachilengedwe ndi mankhwala zimayendetsa bwino tizirombo ndikuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa mbewu.
5. Yesetsani Kutembenuza Mbeu
Kugwiritsa ntchito kasinthasintha wa mbewu kumachepetsa matenda a m'nthaka ndikusunga dothi labwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zokolola zabwino m'zabzala zotsatira.
Zokolola Zapadziko Lonse
Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa FAO ndi madipatimenti osiyanasiyana a zaulimi, zokolola zapadziko lonse za tomato wowonjezera kutentha ndi pakati pa 25,000 ndi 30,000 mapaundi pa ekala. Komabe, chiwerengerochi chimasiyana kwambiri malinga ndi nyengo, njira zolima, komanso kasamalidwe ka mayiko osiyanasiyana. M’maiko otsogola mwaukadaulo, monga Netherlands ndi Israel, zokolola za phwetekere zimatha kufika ma pounds 80,000 pa ekala.
Poyerekeza zokolola zochokera kumadera osiyanasiyana padziko lonse lapansi, kufunikira kwaukadaulo ndi machitidwe oyang'anira pakukulitsa kachulukidwe ka tomato kumawonekera.
Takulandilani kukambilananso nafe!
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-30-2025
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