Zomera zobiriwira, kaya ndi zazing'ono wamba kunyumba kapena akatswiri ngati "Chengfei Greenhouse", kuwongolera kutentha ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mbewu zikule bwino. Kumvetsetsa "kutentha kwambiri" poyambira, komanso kuvulaza, zomwe zimayambitsa ndi zothetsera zokhudzana nazo, ndizofunikira kwa wolima aliyense.
1, "Kutentha Kwambiri" Kumayambiriro kwa Greenhouses
Mitundu yonse ya greenhouses, kuphatikiza "Chengfei Greenhouse", imakhala ndi "kutentha kwambiri" kowoneka bwino. Nthawi zambiri, kutentha kukadutsa madigiri 90 Fahrenheit, kumalowa m'malo otentha kwambiri. Zamasamba zopirira kutentha monga tomato, therere ndi biringanya zimatha kukula bwino pakati pa 80 ndi 90 madigiri Fahrenheit. Komabe, kutentha kukadutsa madigiri 90 Fahrenheit, mavuto monga masamba achikasu, kuchedwa kwa nthambi zatsopano, zipatso zopunduka ndi kuchepa kwa zipatso kumawonekera mu tomato. Kwa masamba okonda ozizira monga arugula, beets ndi broccoli, pamene kutentha kumapitirira madigiri 85 Fahrenheit, zidzakhudzidwa. Arugula adzakhala ndi masamba ofota, kukula pang'onopang'ono ndipo amatha kugwidwa ndi tizirombo ndi matenda, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zokolola zichepe.
2, Kuopsa kwa Kutentha Kwambiri kwa Zomera Zowonjezera Zowonjezera
Kutentha kwakukulu kumayambitsa zowononga zambiri ku zomera zobiriwira. Pankhani ya zomera zokhudza thupi, tengani mavwende mwachitsanzo. Kutentha kwakukulu kumasokoneza photosynthesis ndi kupuma, zomwe zimayambitsa kulepheretsa ntchito ya michere yofunika kwambiri, kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya carbon dioxide fixation, ndi kuwonjezeka kwachilendo kwa kupuma kwa kupuma. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa zipatso kumawonongeka chifukwa cha kusalinganika kwa michere, ndipo mavuto ngati "mavwende a kristalo" amawonekera, ndikuchepa kwa kukoma komanso thanzi.
Kuchokera pakuwona kukana kwa mbewu, nkhaka za wowonjezera kutentha zikakhala ndi kutentha kwambiri ndi mpweya wabwino, cuticle ndi sera zomwe zimateteza mbewu ku matenda zimawonongeka, ndipo kaphatikizidwe kazinthu zolimbana ndi matenda kumatsekedwa. Kenako, powdery mildew bowa amatenga mwayi kuukira, kuchititsa matenda m'masamba ndi zimayambira, kuletsa photosynthesis, kuchititsa mipesa yofooka, nkhaka zopunduka ndi kuchepa kwambiri zokolola.
Komanso, kutentha kwambiri kumasokoneza kakulidwe ka zomera, kuchititsa masamba a masamba monga bok choy ndi letesi kuphuka ndi kuphuka maluwa msanga. Zakudya zomwe zili m'masamba zimasamutsidwa, kuzipangitsa kukhala zazing'ono komanso zolimba, ndi kukoma koyipa komanso zokolola zochepa.
3, Nchiyani Chimachititsa Greenhouses Kutentha Kwambiri?
Kutentha kwambiri kwa greenhouses kumachitika makamaka chifukwa cha malo komanso nyengo. M'madera otentha otentha monga madera akumwera ndi kumwera chakumadzulo kwa United States, Mexico, India ndi Philippines, chifukwa cha malo awo okhala m'madera otentha ndi otentha omwe ali ndi dzuwa lamphamvu komanso kutentha kwa nthawi yaitali, nyumba zobiriwira zimatentha kwambiri ndipo zimakhala zovuta kuzitaya. Ngakhale ndi njira zoziziritsira wamba, kutentha kumapitirirabe kupitirira muyezo. Mosiyana ndi izi, m'madera ozizira monga Alaska, nyumba zosungiramo zomera zimayang'ana kwambiri kuteteza kutentha, komwe kumakhala kosiyana kwambiri ndi mavuto omwe amapezeka m'madera otentha.
Ponena za nyengo, chilimwe ndi "tsoka la kutentha kwakukulu" kwa greenhouses. Panthawi imeneyi, kuwala kwa dzuwa kumasuntha, kutalika kwa masana kumawonjezeka ndipo mphamvu ya dzuwa imakhala yamphamvu. Mwachitsanzo, kumpoto kwa China, kuwala kwa masana m’chilimwe kumatha kufika maola 14 mpaka 15. Denga la wowonjezera kutentha limalandira kutentha kwambiri, ndipo kutentha kumaunjikana. Kutentha kumakwera kuyambira m'mawa mpaka usiku ndipo kumakhala kovuta kutayika usiku, kusiya zomera muzovuta za kutentha kwakukulu.
4, Njira Zothetsera Malo Odyera Obiriwira
Pali njira zothandiza kuziziritsira greenhouses. Pankhani ya mithunzi yozizirira, alimi a m’zigawo za Jiangsu ndi Zhejiang adzaika maukonde a mithunzi yakuda nthawi ya 10:30 am nthawi ya kutentha kwambiri kuyambira July mpaka Ogasiti, kusiya kapitawa pafupifupi masentimita 20 pakati pa maukonde amithunzi ndi filimu yotenthetsera kutentha kuti apange malo opumirapo mpweya. Izi zimachepetsa bwino kuwala kwa dzuwa ndikubalalitsa kutentha, kuchepetsa kutentha kwa wowonjezera kutentha ndi madigiri 5 mpaka 8 Fahrenheit, kuthandiza tomato, tsabola ndi mbewu zina kuyambiranso kukula bwino. Ngakhale "Chengfei Greenhouse" yatengera malingaliro ogwirira ntchito ofananawo, ndikuwongolera bwino malo opangira shading kuti athandizire kuwongolera kutentha kwamkati ndi chinyezi ndikuwonetsetsa kukula kwabwino kwa zomera.
Mpweya wabwino ndi wofunikanso, womwe uli ngati kulowetsa mphamvu mu wowonjezera kutentha. M'malo otenthetsera maluwa m'mphepete mwa Beijing, wamaluwa amatsegula pamwamba ndi polowera m'mbali tsiku lililonse kutentha kukangoyamba kukwera. Mpweya wotentha umatuluka, ndipo mpweya wabwino wa carbon dioxide umalowa mkati, kumapangitsa kutentha ndi chinyezi. Maluŵa okhala m’malo abwino adzakhala ndi maluwa aakulu, onyezimira bwino ndi nyengo yamaluwa yaitali, pamene amene ali m’malo opanda mpweya wabwino adzakhala ofooka ndi kufota mosavuta.
Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumathandizanso. Alimi akamalima mphesa m’nyumba zosungiramo zipatso zakumwera, amapopera madzi pa nthawi yoyenera. Kutentha kwamadzi kumatenga kutentha ndikuchepetsa kutentha. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumafunika kuyang'aniridwa mosamala. Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa mopitirira muyeso kumapangitsa kuti chinyezi chikwere pamwamba pa 90%, zomwe zimatsogolera ku mildew ndi kuvunda kwa masango a mphesa. Wololera ntchito akhoza kulenga abwino kutentha ndi chinyezi chilengedwe kuonetsetsa wathanzi kukula kwa mphesa.
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Nthawi yotumiza: Jan-18-2025
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